Prototroph: an organism that can synthesize all nutrients it needs to survive and proliferate (such as amino acidsplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigAmino acid: molecules that are polymerized to form proteins. or nucleotidesplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigNucleotide: molecules that are polymerized to form nucleic acids (DNA or RNA). Includes dNTPs and NTPs.) from inorganic molecules.