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DNAplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigDNA: deoxyribonucleic acid. The genetic material for nearly all life on Earth. polymerase: an enzymeplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigEnzyme: a macromolecule, usually a protein (but sometimes an RNA), that functions as a catalyst of some kind of biochemical reaction. that is usually involved in DNA replicationplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigDNA replication: usually the process of starting with a dsDNA molecule and ending with two identical copies of that dsDNA molecule. In most cases, “replication” implies DNA replication.. This enzymeplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigEnzyme: a macromolecule, usually a protein (but sometimes an RNA), that functions as a catalyst of some kind of biochemical reaction. uses deoxyribonucleotides (dNTPsplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigDeoxyribonucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs): the collective name for four different molecules (dGTP, dATP, dTTP, dCTP) that are substrates for DNA polymerase and are used to form DNA. These are sometimes abbreivated as “deoxynucleotides” (which clearly refers to dNTPs) or just) and a primed template as a substrateplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigSubstrate: a molecule that undergoes a biochemical reaction catalyzed by an enzyme. By inference, a substrate physically binds to its cognate enzyme. to synthesize a new strand of ssDNAplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigSingle-stranded DNA (ssDNA): a polymerized chain of deoxyribonucleotides that is not paired with a complementary polymer. Usually formed by denaturing dsDNA with heat or other methods. that pairs with its template to form dsDNAplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigDouble-stranded DNA (dsDNA): DNA that consists of two complementary strands of ssDNA paired together via hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases G, A, T, and C..