TNBGGA: The No Bullshit Guide to Genetic Analysis

Clone: Depending on the context, this word can have a few different meanings:

• In the context of genesplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigGene: read Chapters 02, 03, 04, 05, and 06 for a definition of gene :-), cloning means that the physical identity of a geneplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigGene: read Chapters 02, 03, 04, 05, and 06 for a definition of gene :-) has been found, and the geneplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigGene: read Chapters 02, 03, 04, 05, and 06 for a definition of gene :-) has been sequenced.
• In the context of DNAplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigDNA: deoxyribonucleic acid. The genetic material for nearly all life on Earth., a cloned DNAplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigDNA: deoxyribonucleic acid. The genetic material for nearly all life on Earth. fragment is one that has been inserted into some kind of vectorplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigVector: in molecular genetics, a vector is a genetic element (usually an episome of sort such as a plasmid but can be something like a virus) that is used to clone and/or transfer genes into and out of cells. and has been archived in some way such that researchers can easily replicate it.
• In the context of molecular biologyplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigMolecular biology: the study of nucleic acids, specifically DNA and RNA., cloning refers to the laboratory techniques used to clone a DNAplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigDNA: deoxyribonucleic acid. The genetic material for nearly all life on Earth. fragment.
• In the context of organisms, clones are a collection of individuals that are genetically identical to each other.
• In the context of microbiology or cell biology, a clone (also called a colony in this context) is a clump of cells, usually in a Petri dishplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigPetri dish: a round dish, usually 5-10 cm in diameter, that can contain growth media to grow cells in vitro., that all derive from a single founderplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigFounder: when making genetically modified organisms, a founder is an individual from the first generation of organisms that are expected to carry the desired genetic modification in the germline, such that the genetic modification has the potential to be passed down to offspring. cell and are all clones of each other.