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Escherichia coli: an enteric bacteriumplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigBacteria: Single-celled organisms that also utilize DNA and the standard genetic code as all organisms on earth, but unlike eukaryotes do not have intracellular membranes and membrane-bound organelles. In this book we use bacteria and prokaryote interchangeably. used both as a model organism and as a utility organism in genetics research. E. coliplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigEscherichia coli: an enteric bacterium used both as a model organism and as a utility organism in genetics research. E. coli is commonly used to host various cloning vectors, such as plasmids, cosmids, F factors, and bacterial artificiak chromosomes (BACs). is commonly used to host various cloningplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigClone: Depending on the context, this word can have a few different meanings:
* In the context of genes, cloning means that the physical identity of a gene has been found, and the gene has been sequenced. * In the context of DNA, a cloned DNA fragment is one that has been inserted into some kind of vectorsplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigVector: in molecular genetics, a vector is a genetic element (usually an episome of sort such as a plasmid but can be something like a virus) that is used to clone and/or transfer genes into and out of cells., such as plasmidsplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigPlasmid: a circular episome found in bacteria and yeast. Plasmids are commonly used as cloning vectors., cosmids, F factors, and bacterialplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigBacteria: Single-celled organisms that also utilize DNA and the standard genetic code as all organisms on earth, but unlike eukaryotes do not have intracellular membranes and membrane-bound organelles. In this book we use bacteria and prokaryote interchangeably. artificiak chromosomesplugin-autotooltip__default plugin-autotooltip_bigChromosome: a structure that organizes dsDNA in a cell through interactions with various DNA binding proteins. (BACs).